Orca

US ACH Return Codes

90 codes that cover most of what an originator sees. Each one carries the decision: retry or stop, which return rate it feeds, how long the receiving institution has to send it, whether a written statement is required, what the guidance rests on, and when it was last checked.

What the tier labels mean, and how far this page has been checked
Draft
An agent wrote it from published material and nobody has checked it. Use it as a lead to confirm, never on its own as the basis for a retry, a return, a deadline or a compliance decision.
Corroborated
A validator found the same answer in one or more named public sources; the class in brackets says how strong they are. "Secondary sources only" means bank, processor or industry guides and nothing from the operator or regulator. Corroborated does not mean checked against the governing rulebook, so confirm before you act.
Verified
A person checked it against Nacha's own current text and recorded the edition and date. The strongest tier here, and still reference material, not legal or compliance advice.

On a rail fact, every detail line names the section or instrument it rests on and whether that is a rule, a law, operator guidance, or observed practice.

Three return rates Nacha measures over a rolling 60-day window. Select one to see only the codes that count toward it.

15% Overall debit return rate every debit return, all 90 codes
What crossing each threshold means

Breaching 0.5% is a rules violation on its own. The 3% and 15% levels are inquiry thresholds: crossing them lets Nacha require your ODFI to investigate and reduce the rate, but it is not automatically a violation. Most codes below count toward one or more of the three rates; some (credit-only and enrollment returns) count toward none, and each code's card says which.