Orca

Verification workbench

The records most worth a person verifying next, ranked by what turns on them and by what is thin about the evidence behind them.

Snapshot 2026-09-20, built 2026-09-26, commit 019924ac64ee0aa0742b8f02a04488a83633385d. Recomputed from the corpus on every build and stored nowhere between builds.

Where verification stands

0 records are verified, so the queue is untouched. 2194 are in the queue: 126 draft and 2068 corroborated.

The queue holds 939 Rules, 777 reason codes, 360 rail facts, 60 Exceptions, 41 LifecycleStates, 11 Mandates, 5 CodeSets, 1 Calendar. A record leaves it the moment its tier improves to verified, and superseded records and earlier meanings are not in it at all. Corroborated records stay: a corroboration is a check against a public source, and it is not a verification.

What a person must do to verify one

Verification is a human act, and it is the one thing in Orca no agent and no build may do. A build can rank; only a person can verify.

  1. Open the governing authority's own current text for that rail. Not a bank guide, not a processor's documentation, not a summary, and not the source the record was already corroborated against unless that source is the authority's own text.
  2. Find the claim the record makes: its meaning, its return window, its retry rule and what it counts toward. Confirm each one, not the first one.
  3. Note the edition you consulted, exactly as the authority names it, and the section.
  4. Record it with scripts/verify.mjs, which is the only write path for the verified tier. It writes the edition, today's date and your name onto the record. Editing a file by hand to say verified is not a verification and the build treats it as one only because it cannot tell; the rule against it is the whole of the guard.
node scripts/verify.mjs <rail> <CODE|facet|prefix.slug> "<edition consulted>" "<your name>"

If the authority's text is paywalled, participant-only or behind a login, stop and record that instead: a record that cannot be verified today is a note for the rail brief, not a lower bar. A corroboration against another public source goes through scripts/corroborate.mjs and never through this page.

The queue

The first 60 of 2194, best first. Each row shows its rank, its uid, what it is, its score out of 100, and the few words that put it there. Every row of the queue, with every factor's score, is in verify.json.

  1. 1sepa-sct-inst:refundrail fact, draft67
    Does anyone have a right to be refunded, and on what grounds?
    decides refund; 3 graded practitioner questions rest on it; still a draft, nobody has checked it
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 18draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  2. 2pix:consumer-lawrail fact, draft63
    What protects an end user on Pix, and where does the rulebook stop?
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; 8 other records point at it
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 10draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7
  3. 3sepa-sct:consumer-lawrail fact, draft63
    What consumer law applies, and what does it give a consumer that the rules do not?
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; 7 other records point at it
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 10draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7
  4. 4fednow:consumer-lawrail fact, draft62
    What rights does a consumer have that the rulebook does not give?
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  5. 5sa-sarie:refundrail fact, draft62
    Does the payer have a right to get money back, and on what terms?
    decides refund; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14conflicting sources 5compliance or consumer protection 3
  6. 6uk-fps:recallrail fact, draft61
    Can a payer get a Faster Payment recalled?
    decides recall; still a draft, nobody has checked it; 2 graded practitioner questions rest on it
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 12draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  7. 7my-duitnow:recallrail fact, draft60
    Can the sender or the sending bank pull a payment back, and how?
    decides recall; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14compliance or consumer protection 3unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  8. 8sepa-sdd-core:MS02reason code, draft60
    Refusal by the Debtor
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10conflicting sources 5compliance or consumer protection 3unclear deadline or retry guidance 2
  9. 9pix:recallrail fact, draft59
    Can the payer's side pull a Pix back, and what does asking actually do?
    decides recall; still a draft, nobody has checked it; 7 other records point at it
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 10draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  10. 10sepa-sdd-core:consumer-lawrail fact, draft59
    What consumer protection attaches to a Core direct debit, and where does it come from?
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7
  11. 11sa-sarie:settlementrail fact, draft58
    How and in what money do participants settle with each other?
    sets a settlement rule; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14conflicting sources 5unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  12. 12ca-acss:916reason code, draft57
    Personal PAD not drawn as the agreement allows
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3unclear deadline or retry guidance 2
  13. 13ca-acss:919reason code, draft57
    Business PAD not drawn as the agreement allows
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3unclear deadline or retry guidance 2
  14. 14sepa-sdd-b2b:consumer-lawrail fact, draft57
    What consumer protection attaches to a B2B direct debit, and where does it come from?
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7
  15. 15us-ach:rule.authorization-general-requirementsRule, corroborated56
    Authorization: what every debit authorization must satisfy
    decides consumer law; 4 graded practitioner questions rest on it; secondary sources only
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 18evidence strength 8compliance or consumer protection 7unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  16. 16ca-acss:915reason code, draft55
    Payor says no debit agreement ever existed
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  17. 17ca-acss:918reason code, draft55
    Personal PAD sent without the required notice to the payor
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3unclear deadline or retry guidance 2
  18. 18ca-acss:921reason code, draft55
    Business PAD sent without the required notice to the payor
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3unclear deadline or retry guidance 2
  19. 19in-upi:rule.upi-autopay-modificationRule, draft55
    UPI AutoPay: changing a live mandate's amount or payee
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 2draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7
  20. 20nct-inst:consumer-lawrail fact, draft55
    What consumer protections apply to an NCT Inst payment, and where do they come from?
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 2draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7
  21. 21nct-inst:recallrail fact, draft55
    Can the sender get an NCT Inst payment back, and who decides?
    decides recall; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  22. 22sepa-sct:refundrail fact, draft55
    Does anyone have a right to be refunded, and on what grounds?
    decides refund; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  23. 23uk-fps:rule.credit-payment-recovery-is-not-a-reversalRule, draft55
    Credit Payment Recovery is an attempt, not a right
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked; decides recall
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 10draft status 16evidence strength 14compliance or consumer protection 3
  24. 24us-ach:rule.reinitiation-after-funds-returnRule, draft55
    Reinitiation after an insufficient or uncollected funds return
    decides return; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10conflicting sources 5
  25. 25pix:rule.automatico-three-refusal-families-and-who-raises-themRule, draft54
    Pix Automatico: the three places a collection can be refused, and who refuses
    3 graded practitioner questions rest on it; still a draft, nobody has checked it; describes the mechanics
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 16draft status 16evidence strength 10
  26. 26sa-sarie:liabilityrail fact, draft54
    Who bears the loss when a payment goes wrong?
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked; decides liability
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14conflicting sources 5compliance or consumer protection 3
  27. 27us-ach:R11reason code, corroborated54
    Entry not in accordance with the terms of the authorization
    tells a reader not to retry; 5 graded practitioner questions rest on it; carries a consumer protection
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 18evidence strength 4conflicting sources 5compliance or consumer protection 7
  28. 28ca-acss:917reason code, draft53
    Personal PAD sent after the payor cancelled
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  29. 29ca-acss:920reason code, draft53
    Business PAD sent after the payor cancelled
    tells a reader not to retry; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  30. 30nct-inst:refundrail fact, draft53
    Does anyone have a right to be refunded for an NCT Inst payment, and on what grounds?
    decides refund; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  31. 31ph-instapay:limitsrail fact, draft53
    What amount limits apply to InstaPay, and who sets them?
    sets a limits rule; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  32. 32pix:rule.consumer-law-a-fee-rule-and-a-disclosure-ruleRule, draft53
    A fee rule and a disclosure rule
    decides consumer law; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 7
  33. 33pix:rule.agendado-a-repeat-date-the-month-lacks-moves-to-the-1stRule, draft52
    Pix Agendado: a repeating payment on the 29th, 30th or 31st
    sets a settlement rule; still a draft, nobody has checked it; 2 graded practitioner questions rest on it
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 10draft status 16evidence strength 10
  34. 34au-npp:liabilityrail fact, draft51
    Who bears the loss on an NPP payment?
    decides liability; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 2draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  35. 35google-pay:liabilityrail fact, draft51
    Who bears the loss when a Google Pay payment goes wrong?
    decides liability; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 2draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  36. 36nct-inst:finalityrail fact, draft51
    When does an NCT Inst payment become final, and can it be reversed?
    decides finality; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  37. 37nct-inst:liabilityrail fact, draft51
    Who is liable when an NCT Inst payment goes wrong, and how much?
    decides liability; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 2draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  38. 38us-ach:R03reason code, corroborated51
    No account or unable to locate account
    tells a reader not to retry; 5 graded practitioner questions rest on it; secondary sources only
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 18evidence strength 8compliance or consumer protection 5
  39. 39us-ach:R07reason code, corroborated51
    Authorization revoked by customer
    tells a reader not to retry; 4 graded practitioner questions rest on it; secondary sources only
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 16evidence strength 8compliance or consumer protection 7
  40. 40us-ach:R29reason code, corroborated51
    Corporate customer advises not authorized
    tells a reader not to retry; 4 graded practitioner questions rest on it; secondary sources only
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 18evidence strength 8compliance or consumer protection 5
  41. 41us-ach:R34reason code, draft50
    Limited participation DFI
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; tells a reader not to retry; no source checked
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 5unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  42. 42us-ach:rule.return-what-a-processor-calls-a-late-returnRule, draft50
    What a processor calls a late return
    decides return; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10
  43. 43google-pay:rule.pan-only-is-not-a-tokenRule, draft49
    A card-on-file payment is not a tokenised payment, and the token rules do not reach it
    decides liability; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  44. 44mx-spei:rule.plazo-de-devolucion-no-acreditadaRule, draft49
    Sixty seconds from the settlement advice, with six named exceptions in seconds and clock times
    decides return; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 20draft status 16evidence strength 10unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  45. 45ph-instapay:messagesrail fact, draft49
    What message standard does InstaPay use, and what must a payment carry?
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked; describes the mechanics
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  46. 46ph-pesonet:messagesrail fact, draft49
    What message standard does PESONet use, and what must a payment carry?
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked; describes the mechanics
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14unclear deadline or retry guidance 3
  47. 47rtp-return-request:NOASreason code, draft49
    No answer from customer
    tells a reader when a retry is allowed; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3
  48. 48rtp-return-request:UAPAreason code, draft49
    Fraudulently induced payment
    tells a reader when a retry is allowed; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 2draft status 16evidence strength 10compliance or consumer protection 3unclear deadline or retry guidance 2
  49. 49uk-fps:rule.bank-error-recovery-for-payments-sent-in-bulk-by-mistakeRule, draft49
    Bank Error Recovery covers a participant's own bulk mistake
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked; decides recall
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 14compliance or consumer protection 3
  50. 50us-ach:R02reason code, corroborated49
    Account closed
    tells a reader not to retry; 6 graded practitioner questions rest on it; secondary sources only
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 16evidence strength 8compliance or consumer protection 5
  51. 51us-ach:R04reason code, corroborated49
    Invalid account number structure
    tells a reader not to retry; 4 graded practitioner questions rest on it; secondary sources only
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 16evidence strength 8compliance or consumer protection 5
  52. 52us-ach:R10reason code, corroborated49
    Customer advises originator not known or not authorized
    tells a reader not to retry; 10 graded practitioner questions rest on it; carries a consumer protection
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 18evidence strength 4compliance or consumer protection 7
  53. 53us-ach:R20reason code, corroborated49
    Non-transaction account
    tells a reader not to retry; 3 graded practitioner questions rest on it; secondary sources only
    operational consequence 20likely frequency 16evidence strength 8compliance or consumer protection 5
  54. 54nct-inst:settlementrail fact, draft48
    How does NCT Inst settlement work, when does it happen, and in what money?
    sets a settlement rule; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10
  55. 55paypal-dispute:PROBLEM_WITH_REMITTANCEreason code, draft48
    Problem with remittance
    tells a reader when a retry is allowed; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10unclear deadline or retry guidance 2
  56. 56uk-fps:decision-pointsrail fact, draft48
    Where does a person or a bank actually decide something?
    sets a decision points rule; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10
  57. 57uk-fps:limitsrail fact, draft48
    How much can one Faster Payment carry?
    sets a limits rule; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10
  58. 58us-ach:rule.hours-a-day-off-the-holiday-list-is-still-a-banking-dayRule, draft48
    A day off the holiday list is still a banking day
    sets a hours rule; still a draft, nobody has checked it; no source checked
    operational consequence 16likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10
  59. 59ch-sic-ip-reject:TM01reason code, draft47
    SIC IP cancelled: hard time-out
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; tells a reader when a retry is allowed; no source checked
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 4draft status 16evidence strength 10unclear deadline or retry guidance 5
  60. 60uk-fps:exc.credit-payment-recoveryException, draft47
    Credit Payment Recovery (CPR)
    still a draft, nobody has checked it; decides whether money moves; no source checked
    operational consequence 12likely frequency 6draft status 16evidence strength 10unclear deadline or retry guidance 3

How each factor is computed

Eight factors, summing to 100. Every one is read from fields the corpus holds, and the same code that ranked the queue writes this list, so the weights below are the weights used.

Consequence and compliance overlap on purpose: a record that decides a consumer's rights is weighted twice, once for what turns on it and once for whose money it is. Ties are broken by rail then uid, so two builds of one corpus publish the same order.

What this ranking cannot use

These would improve the queue and the corpus cannot support them. None of them is approximated by something else here.

Rail by rail

How much of each rail is waiting, and where its best candidate sits
us-ach371 records queued, top rank 15, best score 56
pix186 records queued, top rank 2, best score 63
au-npp131 records queued, top rank 34, best score 51
uk-fps94 records queued, top rank 6, best score 61
in-upi80 records queued, top rank 19, best score 55
gcc-afaq-return77 records queued, top rank 196, best score 35
mx-spei75 records queued, top rank 44, best score 49
blik68 records queued, top rank 279, best score 32
rtp-reject67 records queued, top rank 188, best score 36
bancontact61 records queued, top rank 75, best score 45
eps61 records queued, top rank 283, best score 32
boleto59 records queued, top rank 153, best score 38
nct-inst58 records queued, top rank 20, best score 55
sepa-sct55 records queued, top rank 3, best score 63
sepa-sct-inst53 records queued, top rank 1, best score 67
apple-pay46 records queued, top rank 124, best score 40
pix-reject45 records queued, top rank 197, best score 35
google-pay44 records queued, top rank 35, best score 51
visa-decline42 records queued, top rank 555, best score 27
ch-sps-status41 records queued, top rank 507, best score 27
mastercard-decline38 records queued, top rank 740, best score 25
sepa-sdd-b2b36 records queued, top rank 14, best score 57
sepa-sdd-core36 records queued, top rank 8, best score 60
au-npp-reject33 records queued, top rank 1164, best score 20
ca-acss33 records queued, top rank 12, best score 57
gcc-afaq-reject27 records queued, top rank 257, best score 33
visa-dispute23 records queued, top rank 557, best score 27
ch-sic-ip-reject17 records queued, top rank 59, best score 47
eps-error14 records queued, top rank 183, best score 36
ch-sic12 records queued, top rank 96, best score 43
ch-sic-ip12 records queued, top rank 135, best score 39
fednow12 records queued, top rank 4, best score 62
gcc-afaq12 records queued, top rank 184, best score 36
mastercard12 records queued, top rank 226, best score 34
my-duitnow12 records queued, top rank 7, best score 60
paypal12 records queued, top rank 186, best score 36
ph-instapay12 records queued, top rank 31, best score 53
ph-pesonet12 records queued, top rank 46, best score 49
rtp12 records queued, top rank 187, best score 36
sa-sarie12 records queued, top rank 5, best score 62
uk-fps-reject12 records queued, top rank 90, best score 44
visa12 records queued, top rank 389, best score 30
eps-refund-error11 records queued, top rank 1733, best score 14
eps-status-reason11 records queued, top rank 1390, best score 18
uk-fps-return11 records queued, top rank 131, best score 40
paypal-dispute10 records queued, top rank 55, best score 48
ch-sic-ip-return-request-rejection7 records queued, top rank 796, best score 24
rtp-return-request7 records queued, top rank 47, best score 49
ch-sic-ip-return-request6 records queued, top rank 794, best score 24
pix-return4 records queued, top rank 293, best score 32

38 records in the queue are named by the source-conflict register, and 1012 are named by a graded competency question. Staleness is measured against snapshot 2026-09-20 with the same 24 month rule the corpus applies everywhere else.

Reference material, not legal or compliance advice. The data files and their licence.